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Volendam
is a town in North Holland in the Netherlands, in the municipality of
Edam-Volendam.
Originally, Volendam was the location of the harbor of the nearby Edam,
which was situated at the mouth of the river IJ. In 1357, the inhabitants of
Edam dug a shorter canal to the Zuiderzee with its own separate harbor. This
removed the need for the original harbor, which was then dammed and used for
land reclamation. Farmers and local fishermen settled there, forming the new
community of Vollendam, which literally meant something like 'Filled dam'.
In the early part of the 20th century it became something of an artists'
retreat, with both Picasso and Renoir spending time here. The majority of
the population belongs to the Roman Catholic Church, which is deeply
connected to the village culture. Historically, many missionaries and
bishops grew up in Volendam. Today there is the chapel of Our Lady of the
Water of the controversial 'visionary' Mrs Hille Kok, which is located in a
village park.
Zaanse Schans is a neighbourhood of Zaandam, near Zaandijk in the
municipality of Zaanstad in the Netherlands, in the province of North
Holland. It has a collection of well-preserved historic windmills and houses;
the ca. 35 houses from all over the Zaanstreek were moved to the museum area
in the 1970s. The Zaans Museum, established in 1994, is located in the
Zaanse Schans.
The Zaanse Schans is one of the popular tourist attractions of the region
and an anchor point of ERIH, the European Route of Industrial Heritage. The
neighbourhood attracts approximately 900,000 visitors every year.[1]
The windmills were built after 1574.
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